Wissenschaftliche Studien

Vein Health

 Economy Class Syndrom

Pycnogenol^® for Healthy Platelet Function

Platelets (thrombocytes) are white blood cells predominantly responsible for forming a blood clot (thrombus) during injuries to limit blood loss. Platelets patrol in the blood stream to recognize structures representing damaged blood vessel walls, the incident which prompts them to aggregate and form a thrombus. Platelets respond to various molecules, such as hormones, which may increase their alertness to prepare a thrombus in the incident of an injury. The stress hormone adrenaline (epinephrine) activates blood platelets to increase their “adhesiveness”. This allows them to more rapidly form a thrombus and bring bleedings to a halt.

 Pycnogenolforhealthyplateletfunction

Pycnogenol^® for Swellings & Venous Insufficiency

 Pycnogenolforswellings venousinsufficiency.pdf

Bibliography

Addition of Pycnogenol^® to troxerutin enhances significantly efficacy of treatment and prolongs symptom relief.
Riccioni, C., Sarcinella, R., Izzo, A., Palermo, G., and Liguori, L. (2004)Efficacia della troxerutina assoziata al Picnogenol nel trattamento farmacologico dellÂ’insufficienza venosa.Minerva Cardioangiologica, 52: 43-48.

Addition of Pycnogenol^® to troxerutin enhances significantly efficacy of treatment and prolongs symptom relief.
Riccioni, C., Sarcinella, R., Izzo, A., Palermo, G., and Lignori, L. (2004)Efficacy of Troxerutine in association with Pycnogenol^® in the treatment of venous insufficiencyEuropean Bulletin of Drug Research, 12 (1): 7-12

Pycnogenol^® accelerates healing of diabetic ulcers.
Belcaro, G., Cesarone, M.R., Errichi, B.M., Ledda, A., Di Renzo, A., Stuard, S., Dugall, M., Pellegrini, L., Gizzi, G., Rohdewald, P., Ippolito, E., Ricci, A., Cacchio, M., Cipollone, G., Ruffini, I., Fano, F. and Hosoi, M. (2006)Diabetic Ulcers: Microcirculatory Improvement and Faster Healing with Pycnogenol^® Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis , 12 (3): 318-323.

Pycnogenol^® demonstrate superior activity versus Daflon® in treatment of chronic venous insufficiency in a comparative clinical study.
Cesarone, M.R., Belcaro, G., Rohdewald, P., Pellegrini, L., Ledda, A., Vinciguerra, G., Ricci, A., Gizzi, G., Ippoliti, E., Fano, F., Dugall, M., Acerbi, G., Cacchio, M., Di Renzo, A., Hosoi, M., Stuard, S., Corsi, M. (2006)Comparison of Pycnogenol^® and Daflon® in Treating Chronic Venous Insufficiency: A Prospective, Controlled Study. Clin Appl Thrombosis / Hemostasis 12 (2): 205-212.

Pycnogenol^® demonstrated higher efficacy in a lower dosage compared to horse chestnut seed extract in a clinical trial.
Koch, R. (2002) Comparative study of Venostasin® and Pycnogenol^® in chronic venous insufficiency.Phytotherapy Research, 16: 1-5.

Pycnogenol^® in combination with nattokinase prevents deep vein thrombosis in long–haul flights.
Cesarone, M.R., Belcaro, G., Nicolaides, A.N., Ricci, A., Geroulakos, G., Ippolito, E., Brandolini, R., Vinciguerra, G., Dugall, M., Grifin, M., Ruffini, I., Acerbi, G., Corsi, M., Riordan, N., Stuard, S., Bavera, P., Di Renzo, A., Kenyon, J. and Errichi, B.M. (2003) Prevention of venous thrombosis in long-haul flights with Flite Tabs: The Lonflit- Flite randomized controlled trial. Angiology, 54 (5): 531-539.

Pycnogenol^® increases the pathologically low capillary wall resistance. Pycnogenol^® is shown to be the most potent among other bioflavonoids tested. Pycnogenol^® provides strength to capillary walls and makes them less permeable and thus contributes to anti-oedema, anti-inflammatory effects.
Gabor, M., Engi, E. and Sonkodi, S. (1993)Die Kapillarwandresistenz und ihre Beeinflussung durch wasserlösliche Flavonderivate bei spontan hypertonischen Ratten.Phlebologie, 22: 178-182

Pycnogenol^® is effective against swelling of ankles during long flights based on the subjective and objective data in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Cesarone, M.R., Belcaro, G., Rohdewald, P., Pellegrini, L., Ippolito, E., Scoccianti, M., Ricci, A., Dugall, M., Cacchio, M., Ruffini, I., Fano, F., Acerbi, G., Vinciguerra, M.G., Bavera, P., Di Renzo, A., Errichi, B.M. and Mucci, F. (2004)Prevention of edema in long flights with Pycnogenol^®.Clin. Appl. Thrombosis/Hemostasis 11 (3): pp. 289-294

Pycnogenol^® prevents thrombosis and thrombophlebitis in long-haul flights.
Belcaro, G., Cesarone, MR., Rohdewald, P., Ricci, A., Ippolito, E., Dugall, M., Griffin, M., Ruffini, I., Acerbi, G., Vinciguerra, M.G., Bavera, P., Di Renzo, A., Errichi, B.M., Cerritelli, F. (2004)Prevention of Venous Thrombosis and Thrombophlebitis in Long-Haul Flights with Pycnogenol^®. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost, 10(4): 373-377.

Pycnogenol^® produces a vaso-protective effect at the level of capillaries as shown in clinical studies. Pycnogenol^® decreases oedema and haemorrhagic tendencies in conditions characterised by increased capillary permeability.
Becker, S.R. (1995)Le pycnogénol : une substance douée de properiétés angioprotectricesdans le traitement de lÂ’insuffisance veineuse chronique.Journal Suisse de médecine globale, 1/95 : 11-14 et 2/95 : 69-73.

Pycnogenol^® tested in a placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial, has been shown to produce significant relief and disappearance of symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency.
Arcangeli, P. (2000)Pycnogenol^® in chronic venous insufficiency.Fitoterapia, 71:236-244

Review article: describes efficacy and safety profile of Pycnogenol^® in treating venous disorders in humans. Mechanisms of reducing oedema are also discussed.
Gulati, O. P. (1999)Pycnogenol^® in venous disorders: A review.European Bulletin of Drug Research, 7 (2): 8-13.

The efficacy of Pycnogenol^® has been confirmed on the basis of objective and subjective signs and symptoms of static oedema in a double blind study in 40 patients suffering from chronic venous insufficiency. Pycnogenol^® is a safe veno- protector.
Schmidtke, I. and Schoop, W. (1995)Le pycnogénol : Thérapeutique médicamenteuse de lÂ’Âœdème statique.Journal Suisse de médecine globale, 3/95 :114-115.

Ulcers of the lower legs heal faster after oral plus topical application of Pycnogenol^®
Belcaro, G., Cesarone, MR., Errichi, BM., Ledda, A., Di Renzo, A., Stuard, S., Dugall, M., Pellegrini, L., Rohdewald, P., Ippolito, E., Ricci, A., Cacchio, M., Ruffini, I., Fano, F. and Hosoi, M. (2005)Venous Ulcers: Microcirculatory Improvement and Faster Healing with Local Use of Pycnogenol^®. Angiology 56(6): 699-705

 Pycnogenol: Coronary artery disease

 Download the full Bibliography here

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